The function of the surge arrester is to allow the discharge of any dangerous overvoltage before it can do damage and then to restore the line to. There are various types of lightning arrester construction. Surge diverter lightning arrester working lightning. They differ mainly with respect to their duration and amplitude. The principle lightning arrester types are as under.
Figure 4 1 shows how the charge in coulombs is shared between arresters on a typical transmission line. This type of arrester comprises of numbers of solid zinc oxide disc. It essentially consists of a rod gap aa in series with a second gap enclosed within the fiber tube. Silicon carbide porcelain housed arrester identification guide. In such type of arrester, there is an air gap between the ends of two rods. If it is manufactured before 1977, it will be a sic type arrester if it is manufactured between 19771987 it is likely a sic type arrester and warrants a closer look. Introduction lightning is the most frequent cause of overvoltages on distribution systems. What is the difference between lightning arrester and. Lightning and surge protection for low voltage supply. It consist tworod electrodes, one of which is connected to the line and other to earth. The dmxn gapless metal oxide polymer surge arrester has been verified to meet or exceed all heavy duty distribution class requirements of ansi.
The lightning arrester is mainly classified into twelve types. The lightning surge and arresters contents introduction the thunder head the flash and stroke incidence of lightning magnitude of arrester currents the lightning surge traveling waves introduction this arresterfacts is about the lightning surge from an arrester perspective. Sr has been used as an outdoor insulation material for over. Horn gap arresters are named for their two hornshaped metal rods. Typical lightning arrester has a highvoltage terminal and a ground terminal. Lightning arrester lightning arrester types types of. A lightning arrester is connected to protect a piece of equipment from lightning and switching surges. Lightning is one of the most serious causes of overvoltages. Lightning protection system conventional type lightning.
The 3el series for standard applications, and the advanced 3eq series for the highest performance needs. Lightning arrester is the device used to protect the insulation and conductors from damaging effects of lightning on electrical power systems and telecommunication. Also called a surge protection device spd or transient voltage surge suppressor tvss, this class of device is used to protect equipment in power transmission and distribution systems. Types of lightning protection systems lps electrical knowhow. Surge arrester is used to protect the circuit or electrical equipment from high voltage transient or electrical surges. It is consisting of two metal rods in the shape of horn and separated by a small air gap. If the name on the name plate is as follows, it will be an sic type arrester. Basically, lightning is a gigantic spark resulting from the development of millions of volts between clouds or between a cloud and the earth. The most common surge arresters are nonlinear metal oxide resistors type in aporcelain or silicone rubber housing, and are fitted in parallel with the object protected and connected to the earth grid. What are the different types of lightning arrester.
These lightning arresters are manufactured with the optimum utilization of premium quality stainless steel. Having both gaps and sic blocks, the arrester height increased to the point where it was difficult to vent the pressure builtup during a fault, which limited the arrester s pressure relief rating. Lightning and surge protection basic principles 1 introduction rarely does the power of nature strike an observer more forcibly than the sight for the first time of a. Type i and ii lightning arrester technical data ordering data.
Difference between surge arrester, lightning arrester and. Modern electrical systems tend to be vulnerable to voltage surges of any kind, so arresters have become more necessary. A lightning arrester is the first component in a three step process designed to eliminate damaging voltage spikes from damaging electrical and electronic devices. Lightning arrester lightning arrester types types of lightning arresters learning engineering october 04, 2017 a lightning arrester is a device used on electrical power systems and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. It is connected in shunt between each conductor and earth.
To prevent damage to electrical equipment, surge protection considerations are paramount to a welldesigned electrical system. Ese lightning arresters, early streamer emission lightning. Highvoltage surge arresters digital asset management siemens. Lightning arrester normally a spark gap device connected between each leg of a pow. By keeping the track of latest market trend, we are highly efficient in manufacturing and supplying an exclusive spectrum of conventional type lightning arrester. The basis of conventional lightning protection technology. What are the primary criterion i should pay attention to when comparing different lightning arrestors. They consist of series of nonlinear resistor disc and spark gaps. Pdf design and evaluation of earthing and lightning.
All lightning arresters are designed to become more con all lightning arresters are designed to become more conductive when the applied voltage becomes sufficiently high. Arresters are connected between the electrical device to be protected and a solid earth ground. This type of arrester is also called protector tube and is commonly used on system operating at voltages up to 33kv. Both are designed using the same glass collared movblocks resulting in outstanding electrical performance. One rod is connected to the line circuit and the other rod is connected to earth. A lightning arrester is essentially a collection of billions of microscopic junctions of metal oxide grains that turn on and off in microseconds to form a current path from the top terminal to the ground terminal of the arrester. How lightning strikes can affect the electrical andor electronic systems of a building. The construction of lightning arrestors is different based on its type but the working principle is the same. It is a very simple line type of diverter and consists of two 1. The distance between two rods depends upon the supply voltage. Lightning arresters catch surges in electrical wiring and divert them to grounding cables, which direct the current into the ground. Keywords lightning, lightning arresters, mov, overvoltage, residual voltage. Phoenix contact lightningsurge arrester type 12 val. Today, i will explain the different types of lightning.
This text does not try to add any knowledge to the vast knowledge base on. Difference between surge arrester, lightning arrester and lightning rod. A wide variety of types of lightning arrester options are available to you, such as rf. Contents definition of surge arresters 02 siemens surge arresters for any requirement 04 always the. Ieeeiec lightning arrester arresters for ac and dc applications. The current from the surge is diverted through the arrester, in most cases to earth. It is a very simple type of diverter and consists of two 1. The typical lightning arrester has a highvoltage terminal and a ground terminal. Effective over voltage protection requires different surge arrester types to be. Different types of lightning arrester xinchang shibang. This stack is kept inside a cylindrical housing of polymer or porcelain. Overvoltages may cause the burning of insulation of substation equipment if not well protected.
Each piece of electrical equipment in an electrical system needs to be protected from voltage surges. Arrester type tests all arresters are designed and tested per requirements in iec 600994 and ieee c62. Types of lightning arresters for outdoor application. Such type of equipment is also used for protecting transmitters feeding a mast radiator. The lightning arrester which consists the single or multigaps connected in series with the current controlling element, such type of arrester is known as the lightning arrester. A surge arrester is a device to protect electrical equipment from overvoltage transients caused by external lightning or internal switching events. The solar pv power plants have wide applications worldwide, having potential of electricity generation of 124. The lightning arresters are used to protect power system from high voltage surges.
Hi friends, in this article, i am going to discuss about lightning arrester types and lightning arrester working principle. Fig shows the essential parts of an expulsion type lightning arrester. Siemens offers two different types of arresters with sr housing. Depending on the cause, a surge voltage can last a few hundred. This arrester type is more applicable in high powered electrical systems. These types are rod gap arrester, sphere gap arrester, horn gap arrester, multiplegap arrester. A lightning arrester alternative spelling lightning arrestor also called lightning diverter is a device used on electric power systems and telecommunication systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. Surge voltages various types of surge voltages can occur in electrical and electronic systems. For consumer equipment protection, different products. Countless new products over the years, such as the first connectable type 2 surge protection device with vde test mark, or the first connectable type 1 lightning current arrester with carbon technology, laid the foundation for the uniquely comprehensive product range that we offer today. Zipse, fellow, ieee abstractthe successful 200yearold method of using a franklin rod to collect, control, and convey to earth the awesome and destructive power of lightning has produced other controversial, potential alternate methods. Surge protec on using proper grounding rods and plates and baseline surge arrestors provides the best possible protec on against surge damage due to lightning or other electrical surge events. It provides a low resistance pathway to the surges in the direction of the ground. These rods are arranged around a small air gap, and the.
The number of zinc oxide discs used per lightning arrester depends upon the voltage rating of the system. Design of lightning arresters for electrical power systems. Horn gap lightning arrester was the earliest types of lightning arrester. All lightning arresters are designed to become more conductive when the applied voltage becomes sufficiently high. To prevent damage to electrical equipment, surge protection considerations are paramount to a welldesigned electrical. Learn what is the purpose of lightning arrester and why is testing necessary a lightning arrester, surge arrester or line arrester is a device used on electrical power systems and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. Type dmxn surge arresters maximum system voltage 2 to 36 kv. The gap between the electrodes intercepts the flow of current through the arrester except when the voltage across the gap raises beyond the critical gap flashover. Lightning currents are controlled safely by the powerful spark gap, while dynamic surge voltages are reliably limited by the varistorbased type 2 arresters. A surge arrester is a device to protect electrical equipment from overvoltage transients caused. Generally, lightning arresters are classified into different types. The application and selection of lightning arresters. A lightning arrester alternative spelling lightning arrestor also called lightning diverter is a.